Chairman of the Primorsky branch of a geographical society. Member of the Russian Writers Union.
Anna Schetinina was born on February 26, 1908 at the Ocean Station, Primorsky Krai. Father, Ivan Ivanovich worked as arrodennik, forester, workers and employees at fisheries. Mother, Maria Philosophical from the Kemerovo region. Brother Vladimir Ivanovich, was born in Vladivostok, worked as a master of the aircraft factory at the station Bartholomeevka Primorsky Krai.
In 1919, the girl began to study in elementary school in Sadgorod. After the introduction of the Red Army, Vladivostok schools were reorganized, and since 1922, Anya studied in a single labor school at Sedanka Station, where in 1925 he graduated from eight classes. In the same year he entered the shipping department of the Vladivostok Sea Technical School.
After graduating from the technical school, he worked on Kamchatka, where he passed the way from a simple sailor to Captain. At the age of twenty-four, Anna received a navigator diploma, and at the age of twenty-seven years old in the world in the world, a captain of long-range sailing. In 1935, his first flight was famous for the whole world, holding a cargo ship "Chavik" from Hamburg through Odessa and Singapore to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Anna Ivanovna on March 20, 1938 was appointed the first chief of the fish port of Vladivostok. Anna's war met on Baltik, where the population of Tallinn was evacuated under bombing and transported strategic loads.
After the war, Shchetinina was the captain of the courts "Askold", Baskunchak, Beloostrov, "Dniester", "Pskov", "Mendeleev" in the Baltic shipping company. From 1949 he worked at the State Maritime Academy. Two years later, he became a senior teacher, and then the Dean of the Summary of the School of Summillotate. In 1956, Anna Ivanovna assigned the title of associate professor. In 1960, Gennady Nevelsky was translated into the Maritime University of National University of Admiral to Association of the Department of Maritime.
In 1963 he became chairman of the Primorsky branch Geographical society THE USSR. Also, during this period I wrote a book "On the seas and behind the seas ...".
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 24, 1978, Shcherbinina was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor.
Anna Ivanovna Shcherbinina died on September 25, 1999. A monument has been installed on the Marine Cemetery of Vladivostok.
Awards and recognition of Anna Schetinina
Hero of Socialist Labor (1978)
Two orders of Lenin
Two orders Patriotic War II degree (29.9.1945; 23.12.1985)
Order of the Red Star (1942)
Order of the Labor Red Banner (1936)
Honorary Citizen Vladivostok (1978)
Honorary Worker of the Marine Fleet
Honorary Member of the Geographical Society of the USSR, Far Eastern Association of Marine Captains (DVMK) and International Federation Captain Associations (Mefax, Eng. IFSMA),
Member of the Union of Writers of Russia
Memory about Anna Schetinina
A monument has been installed on the Marine Cemetery of Vladivostok.
School No. 16 of Vladivostok is named after A. I. Schetinina since 2008.
In 2010, one of the new streets of Vladivostok in the neighborhood "Snow Pad" was assigned the name of Anna Schetinina.
On October 21, 2013, after major reconstruction, Squares on the street of Krygina in Vladivostok were solemnly opened, a monument to A. I. Schetinina was established.
The image of A. I. Schetinina is immortalized on the bas-relief of stela "City military glory».
On February 11, 2017, by order of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, the name of the world's first women captain, Anna Schetinin, was awarded to one of the nameless islands of Kuril Rud.
Anna Ivanovna Schetinina - the first graduate female captain, associate professor, author of a number of autobiographical books and tutorials, a hero of socialist labor, an active member of the Soviet Women's Committee, Chairman of the Primorsky Branch of the USSR Geographical Society, a member of the Russian Writers' Union.
February 26, 1908 was born in Vladivostok, on Cedanka. Parents: Mother Maria Philosophical and Father Ivan Ivanovich Schetinins.
1919-1925 He studied in Sadgorod and Cedanka schools.
20s.
in the fall of 1925, he received a study at the Logging Department of the Vladivostok Sea Technical School.
1926 Deck student on a steamer "Simferopol" (Sovtorgflot).
1927, a deck student on a ship "Brukhanov" (Raryba).
1928 Sailor of the 2nd class on the ship "First Crazov" (Dalgosrybtrest)
1929 graduated from Vladivostok Sea Technical Academy and was sent toJoint-Stock Kamchatka Society (AKO).
After graduating from Vladivostok Sea Technical School.
may 1929 - February 1935Sailor of the 1st Class, Navigator Student, 3rd, 2nd and Senior Captain Assistant on AKO vessels: "Tungus", "Okhotsk", "Lamut", "Koryak", "Topor", "Eskimo", "Orochen "
march 1935 - April 1938The captain of the stealth "Chavica" AKO.
Captain Anna Ivanovna Schetininawith crew memberssteam "Chavich".1936
1936 was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner "for overfulfing production tasks.
april-October 1938 Head of Vladivostok Fisheries.
1938-1941 Student of the Leningrad Institute of Engineers water transport. He graduated from 4 courses (out of five) of the Located Faculty.
1939-1947 Deputy of the Kirov district council of deputies of the working people of Leningrad.
may-September 1941 Captain on the courts "Bira" and "Saul" of the Baltic Marine Shipping Company.
September 26, 1941 was submitted to the Far Eastern Shipping Company (DVMP).
November 13, 1941 - June 1946Captain on the courts of "Karl Liebknecht", "Motherland", Jean Zhores, transported cargo from the ports of the United States and Canada to the Far East, as well as providing landing operations during the war with Japan.
Anna Ivanovna in 1942
On June 4, 1942, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star "For the exemplary fulfillment of the task of the Government and Military Command and the manifested courage in the Baltic operations.
1943 Anna Ivanovna is the guest of the filmmother "Twenty Century Fox" in Hollywood.
Anna Ivanovna - the captain of the vessel "Jean Zhores".1943
1944 Member of the Committee of Soviet women.
1945 was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Patriotic War of the 11 degree.
1946-1949 Received at the disposal of the Baltic Sea Shipping Company, where he worked as captain of the courts "Dniester", "Pskov", "Askold", "Beloostrov", "Mendeleev", Baskunchak.
1947-1951 Deputy of the Leningrad City Council of Workers' Deputies.
1949 Delegate of the All-Union Conference of Peace supporters from the trade union of maritime workers. Member of the 1st Congress of Peace Supporters in Moscow.
november 1949 by the order of the MMF was submitted to the Leningrad Higher Engineering Sea School (LVVIM). Assistant Department "Apparent". Female student of the 5th year of the Judgery Faculty.
1950 graduated from Lvim with a specialty "Judgerator".
october 1951 Senior Lecturer of the Department "Employment" and part-time Head of the Liberation Faculty of Liberation.
1953-1960 Deputy of the Sverdlovsk District Council of Deputies of the Workers of Leningrad. He was awarded the letter of executive committee for fruitful work in the Board of Trustees of the orphanage No. 58.
1955-1983 Author, co-author and editor of textbooks and tutorialsMany of which were repeatedly reprinted: "Seawing devices and tools", "Accounting for tides in the favings", "Maritime", "Sailor's Reference book", "Department of Judgment and its Technical Operation", "Instructions for the organization of the North Saving Service" and Dr.
december 1957 was awarded the medal "For Labor Valor".
Anna Ivanovna on board t / x "Lyuban".Photo from the English newspaper.1957
September 1, 1960 - February 2, 1977Associate Professor of the Department of Maritime Case of the Far Eastern Supreme Engineering School. Chief Head Practices at the Training and Production Board "Meridian" (1962-1963).
During work in DVVIM, the captain of the vessels "Orsha", "Orekhov", "Okhotsk" (round-the-world swimming).
1962 was actively involved in creating the Museum of the Sea Fleet in Vladivostok.
june 1963. Delegate from Primorsky Krai at the World Congress of Women in Moscow.
A.I. Schensinina and V.V. Tereshkova at the World Congress of Women in Moscow.
May 4, 1964 - May 14, 1970Chairman of the Primorsky Branch of the Geographical Society of the USSR.
May 23-30, 1964 Delegate of the 4th All-Union Congress of the Geographical Society of the USSR.
1965-1969 Deputy of the Primorsky Regional Council of Workers Deputies.
February 28 or March 2, 1967 at the initiative of the Chairman of the PFGO USSR A.I. The 1st Scientific Conference on the Study of Pacific and the use of its resources took place in Vladivostok.
1968 Book published in the Far Eastern Book PublishingA.I. Bristle "On the seas and behind the seas."In dedication to this publication, Anna Ivanovna wrote: "The glorious my comrades - the workers of the sea - with deep respect and love."
A.I. Schensinina N. and the judicial boat among teachers of the DVVIM during the annual ridge-sailing regatta.
February 6-7, 1969 in Vladivostok on the initiativeA.I. The 2nd Scientific Conference on the Problems of Studying Pacific and the use of its resources was held.
In 1971, the main committee of the exhibition of achievements of the USSR national economy was approved by the participant of VDNH.
On June 22, 1973, the organizer and Chairman (until 1979) of the Captain Club in Vladivostok.
1974 The second edition of the book A.I. was released Dalpilladat Bristle "On the seas and behind the seas."
december 1974 was scheduled by the head of the department "Department of Judgment and its Technical Operation" by the DVVIM named after Admiral G.I. Nevelsky.
A.I. Bristinina disassembles a cadetnavigation task in the state exam.
On February 2, 1977, he was appointed captain-mentor of the Navy Waving Safety Service.
On February 24, 1978, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor.
In 1978, the 3rd edition of the book "on the seas and over the seas" was published in Dalilyadat.
november 1988 was elected by an honorary member of the Geographical Society of the USSR.
1994 in the publishing house "Rubezh" the book A.I. Bristle "in different maritime roads."
from February 5, 1998, an honorary member of the Far Eastern Association of Marine Captains.
from February 26, 1998, an honorary member of the International Sea Captain Federation (London).
February 28, 1998 Solemn Meeting of the Public Vladivostok in the Palace of Culture Sailors on the occasion of the 90th anniversaryAnna Ivanovna bristinine.
September 25, 1999 Anna Ivanovna Schetinina left life.It was buried at the memorial plot of the sea cemetery of the city of Vladivostok.In 2001, a bust was installed on her grave, made by the sculptor with a valid member of the AIAIA VE. Barcegov. He is the author of a memorable board installed on the wall of the Main Corps of the Sea State University named after Admiral G.I. Nevelsky.
January 8, 2002 at sea state University Admiral namedG.I. Nevelsky educated the maritime section of the Society for the study of the Amur region - the Primorsky branch of the Russian Geographical Society.
On February 28, 2002, the meeting of the Sea Section of the AIAK, dedicated to the 94th anniversary of the birth of A.I. Bristin.
2005 In the publishing house "Svetlana" in Vladivostok, the book "Captain Anna" was published with numerous illustrations and memories of A.I. Bristin. Editor-compiler Valid member of the Russian Geographical Society - OiakI.N. Yegorchiv.
2006 laid Square named after A.I. Bristinine on the Egersheld Peninsula.
On December 5, 2006, the head of the administration of Vladivostok signed a decree on the assignment of "secondary school№ 16 G. Vladivostok »NameA.I. Bristin.
january-February 2008, the newspaper "Vladivostok" held the campaign "Return Vladivostok" Bristinina ". On the pages of the newspaper, a number of managers of marine organizations, as well as people who knew Anna Ivanovna, came out with a proposal to name one of the streets in Vladivostok by the names of Anna Ivanovna Schetinina.
February 28, 2008 in the assembly hall of Moscow State University. Adm.G.I. Nevelsky took place a solemn meeting dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of A.I. Bristin. The grave and commemorative board on the building of the Maritime University were placed flowers.
The component of the booklet Chairman of the Sea Section of the AIAK at Moscow State University. G.I. Nevsky's valid member of the Russian Geographical SocietyV.F. Verevkin.
When drafting the text, information prepared by the actual member of the AIAC LA was used. Yermolenko to the 90th anniversary of his birthA.I. Bristin.
Illustrations are chosen from the book "Captain Anna" and a personal archiveV.F. Verevkin.
In 1935 in Hamburg Soviet Union Transferred to the "Chavilecha" purchased steamer. The fact of such a transfer itself was not extraordinary, despite the fact that in power in Germany, by that time, the national socialists were already in power.
But the experienced "sea wolves", which in Hamburg was completely fully, to the depths of the soul struck the personality of the Russian captain, who arrived to receive a steamer.
The captain arrived in Hamburg in a gray coat, bright shoes and a flirttiable blue silk hat. It was captain of 27 years old, but everyone who saw him believed that he was five years old. Rather, she, for the captain called Anna Schentinina.
A few days later, all the newspapers of the world wrote about this girl. It was an incredible event - even once in the world, the woman did not become a captain of long-range sailing. She was watching her first flight carefully, but Captain Shchetinina confidently held the "Chavoch" along the route Hamburg - Odessa - Singapore - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, disagreeing both doubts about his professionality, and all superstitions associated with the Woman's stay on the ship.
Port of Hamburg, 1930s. Photo: www.globallookpress.com.
Letter of happiness
She was born on February 26, 1908 at the Ocean Station under Vladivostok, so the sea was next to her from the first days of life.
But truly she "fell ill" to them at 16, after traveling on a steamer at the mouth of the Amur, where his father worked on the fishing.
The girlfriend's intention to become a sailor was taken for the youthful Blagu, but Ani had everything seriously. It is so serious that she wrote a letter to the head of Vladivostok naval school with a request to take it to study.
The letter was so convincing that the head of the "naval" invited Any on a personal conversation. The conversation was that the sailor devoted to the girl's experienced experience - the sea profession is hard, absolutely not feminine, and, despite Ani's enthusiasm, it is better to give up from his intention.
But Anna, all his arguments did not confuse, finally the head waved his hand - rent exams and learn if you arrive.
So in 1925, Anna Schentinina became the student of the fourteental branch of Vladivostok "Savior".
Order for merits and port in the load
It was a heavy, unbearably hard workin which no one made a discount on the fact that she is a woman. On the contrary, many were waiting for it to surrender, it would break. But she just squeezed his teeth, on a par with other "cherryamarines", performing the duties of the deck sailor.
In 1929, a 21-year-old graduate schools are aimed at the disposal of the joint-stock Kamchatka society, where it has passed the way from the sailor to Starripom.
In 1935, the leadership recognized - 27-year-old Anna Schetinina is a high-end professional and may be a freedam captain. And then there was the very flight at the "Chavoch" when newspapers of the whole world wrote about her.
But she came to the fleet not for the sake of momentary glory, not to say something to someone. She came to make a heavy job that she liked her most in the world.
In 1936, the "Chavich" under the command of Captain Schchetinina was clamped heavy ice Sea Okhotsk. The critical situation with which not every man-captain will cope successfully. Captain Shchetinina coped - after 11 days, the "Chavica" broke out of captivity without significant damage.
For exemplary work during flights in the hard conditions of the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk, Anna Schetinin, in the same 1936, was marked by the Order of the Red Banner.
In 1938, to his 30th anniversary, she received an unexpected "gift" - appointment by the head of the Vladivostok Fisheries. As a matter of fact, the fish port at that time in Vladivostok was not - Captain Shchetinin and was supposed to create it. It seems that at the top by that time realized that the captain could be with a calm soul to charge the most difficult tasks. Anna did not let down - after six months, the fish port began to function in full.
Anna Schetinina reads a book in his cabin, 1935. Photo: RIA Novosti
Diplomatic confusion
Captain Shchetinin continued to be improved, in the same 1938 by enrolling in the Leningrad Institute of Water Transport to the Logging Faculty. Having the right to free visiting lectures, she finished 4 courses after two and a half years.
At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the captain was at the Baltic, where under the hail of German bombs and attacks of German submarines carried out the supply of an army in the Baltic States and then evacuation civilian population From Tallinn. In 1941, a lot of Soviet ships and brave sailors died in Baltik, but Captain Shchetinina turned out to be Nazis not on the teeth.
In the fall of 1941, it is returned to the Far East. Captain Schistinina entrusted flights on delivery through the Pacific Ocean of Military Cargo from the United States and Canada.
The captain woman attracts increased attention to the ocean, and to it to strengthen international Relations We have to be on official receptions. Here it is necessary to master any less difficult diplomatic etiquette.
With Mrs. Schchetinina wanted to get acquainted with many influential persons, "useful for our state", as said Anna's diplomats said.
Anna was represented by officials, and they called them names. Somehow she, chatting with one of the new acquaintances in Canada, sootually asked him to name again, as he forgot his name.
After the reception, the Soviet diplomat arranged Anna "Details" - from the point of view of diplomatic etiquette, it was a rude overearence.
As I recalled Anna Ivanovna, after hearing the comments, she returned to the ship, locked in the cabin and ... burst.
But, taking himself in hand, she began to work hard to train - on the face, names and surnames. And soon on the fleet they spoke about the amazing memory of Captain Schchetinina ...
Without discounts and overlook
In August 1945, the captain woman took part in the war with Japan - her ship as part of KVMA-3 convoy participated in the transfer of the 264th rifle Division At the Japanese busy South Sakhalin.
In 1947, returning to the Baltic to complete training in the Leningrad Institute of Water Transport, she again participates in an event associated with the war. The ship "Dmitry Mendeleev" under her command was delivered to the Leningrad statues abducted by Nazis from Petrodvorez during the occupation period.
Until 1949, she operates in the Baltic shipping company by the captain of the courts "Dniester", "Pskov", "Askold", "Beloostrov", "Mendeleev". She still did not do discount - when in the fog of the island of Senar Mendeleev under her command sat on Reef, Anna Schetinin was reduced by the year.
In 1949, Captain Shchetinina begins to transfer the experience of young - it becomes a teacher of the Leningrad Supreme Engineering Maritime School. In 1951, Anna Schetinina is a senior teacher, and then the Dean of the Located Faculty.
In 1960, the Associate Professor of Schentinina returns to his homeland, Vladivostok, becoming an associate professor of the Maritime Case Department of Vladivostok Supreme Engineering Maritime School.
She worked a lot with young people, wrote a book, headed the seaside branch of the Geographical Society of the USSR. Anna Schetinina himself said to himself: "I passed the entire weighty path of the sailor from start to the end. And if I am now the captain of the Great Ocean Ship, then each of my subordinates knows that I was not an sea foam! "
Bristinina in 1939. Photo: RIA Novosti / Dmitry Debabov
From Brezhnev to Australian captains
Anna Ivanovna Schetinina deserves respect for the sailors around the world, but not officials of the native country. An amazing thing, but the first woman-captain of long-range swimming in the world did not receive the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. Natalia Kisa and Valentina OrlikovaThe captains of long-range swimming after Anna Schetinina were already awarded, and its candidacy was rejected under different pretexts.
Once an annoyed official said: "What are you putting your captain? I am in line with a woman - director of the institute and a woman - famous cotton! You would also presented the first car in the world ... "
Justice tried in 1978, when Anna Schchetinina an award-winning case was rewarded to heads of the USSR Leonid Brezhnev. The aging and sick secrecy still did not survive so much from the mind as an official who compared the world's first captain woman in the world, and approved the name of the Hero of Socialist Labor to Anna's bristle.
The famous Australian Captain Club "Rotary Club", existing not the first century, had a solid rule - never to invite into his composition of women. This holy commandment was changed for the sake of the Russian woman-captain, which provided the word on the Captain Forum.
Captain Schistinina was destined to long life. When Anna Ivanovna turned 90 years old, she was presented with a special congratulation on behalf of all captains of Europe and America.
Honor of the city, honor captain ...
When girls came to her who wanted to associate life with the sea, and asked her advice, the answer sounded for many unexpectedly - the world's first woman captain believed that her example was the exception rather, and not a sample for imitation, and the maritime profession - far Not the most feminine ...
But for those who really can't live without the sea, you need to overcome all the difficulties, do not regret yourself how young Anya Schetinina came once.
Anna Ivanovna Schetinina left on September 25, 1999 and was buried at the Marine Cemetery of Vladivostok.
In October 2006, the causa coast of the Amur Bay of the Japanese Sea was assigned the name Anna Schetinina.
In 2010, Vladivostok was assigned honorary title "City of Military Glory". In honor of this event, two years later, a memorable stele was installed in the city. On the bas-relief, Steli was captured by Anna Schetinin and a steamer "Jean Zhores", where during the war years she made flights to the United States and Canada, carrying goods, so necessary to the front ...
Molly Carney, the first in North America certified Woman Captain of the Fleet
Are they or not - women on a fleet? On the one hand, in the yard of 2016, when women are absolutely everywhere, no matter how traditionally the male is not considered anyway. On the other hand, the fleet is extremely conservative in this matter, and the surcharge "Woman on the ship is to be misfortune" still instills superstitious fear of the hearts of sailors. "The Maritime Profession is not a Babskaya case," retrograde will be contemptuously. "You yourself are women!" - scream feminists. So you can figure out who is right, we offer you a selection of interesting facts.
- According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), there are 1.25 million sailors in the world. Women among them are only 1-2%, but this number is growing. In the cruise sector, their number increases to 17-18%. In general, most of the women on the fleet running on passenger ships - ferries and liners. There are only 6% of the sailors on the cargo fleet.
- In 1562, the king of Denmark Frederick II issued a decree, in which, in particular, the following wording was contained: "Women and pigs access to His Majesty's ships is prohibited; If they are found on the ship, immediately should be thrown overboard. " His Galantrate Majesty was not alone in his opinion - 150 years later, Emperor Peter I, from scratch created the Russian military fleet, adhered to the same rules.
- Anna Schetinina is considered the world first in the world in the world. Starting a simple sailor, she became the captain in 27 years. The yard was 1935. Anna was famous for the whole world with his first flight, by conducting a cargo ship "Chavich" from Hamburg through Odessa and Singapore to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. For many years, the Baltic Shipping Company drove the trial, he served before the head of the port and the dean of the Faculty of Faculty. Known by saying "Woman on a bridge is not a place!" - In her case, quite paradoxical.
- Not all countries equally willingly send women to work on the fleet. 51.2% of the sailors are immigrants from Western Europe and the USA, 23.6% from Eastern Europe, 9.8% from Latin America and Africa, 13.7% from East Asia, and only 1.7% - from South Asia and the Middle East. This is due to the fact that in eastern countries the attitude towards a woman is more conservative than in Western. Not far left from East Hispanic-speaking countries. "Barestay, pregnant, in the kitchen" - a very famous Proverbian in Latin America.
- in July 2009 Turkish balkerHorizon-1.Horizon Maritime Trading was captured by Somali pirates. The crew of the balker included a woman-navigator - 24-year-old Icean Akmbay. Pirates showed halanery worthy of flibusers of the XVII century, - allowed her to call her relative to Turkey when and how much she wishes. The girl refused, stating that she did not need privileges, and her home would call the same when it was allowed to other crew members.
- The world's first Woman-Captain of the Iceer - Russian Lyudmila Tryeva. She became captain of long-range sailing in 1987, when she had forty years. One of the first to spend from Europe to Japan in Northmorsky by the Ledo-Commissioner Tiksi. At forty-one, he married and almost threw the sea at the request of her husband, but reflected, continued his career. It is recognized that the marriage turned out to be very happy. "The boss must be able to spare the pride of subordinates," Lyudmila sure. "Women are good captains, because they know how to spare the pride of men."
- In December 2007 aboard the American container friendshipHorizon Navigator.belonging to Horizon Lines, personnel permutations were made. As a result, a unique situation was established: the entire top command was feminine. The ship management adopted the captain of Robert Espinosis, senior assistant Samantha Pirtle and the second assistant Julie Duchi. There were 23 crew members in their submission - all men. All three women occupied posts by chance, following the results of the trade union contest. "I first worked in the crew, where there are women except me," Robert Espinosis admitted. By the way, at the time of intercession to the post of captainHorizon Navigator. Robert had a 18-year-old daughter, the upbringing of which she successfully combined with a nautical career.
- In 2008, the woman became the captain of the world's largest vessel for transportation of livestock. The ship is calledStella Deneb. and belongs to the Australian company SIBA SHIPS. When Laura Pinasco occupied the captain's bridgeStella Deneb.She was only thirty years old. However, she received a Captain diploma for five years earlier. "Delivery of the first batch of livestock has become a real test," recalls Laura. - In the party there were more than twenty thousand heads of cattle, plus two thousand sheep. Loading reminded hell. We took them to Malaysia and Indonesia. No one in the world is on board so many passengers as I have. "
- The most democratic seamar women belong to the United States, but also there until 1974 to enter nautical schools was allowed only to men. Now among the cadets of American maritime schools and academies there are 10-12% of girls. "Many girls simply do not know that they can also come in navigation," says American and Ex-Captain Sherry Hickman. - Otherwise, this percentage would be much higher. "
- In 2014, an incredible happened: in the US, the woman became a real admiral, with four stars on each shoulder, and even the vice-commander of the naval operations of the entire military fleet of the country. We are talking about African American Michel Howard - now she is officially considered a woman who has served until the highest rank on the fleet. Michelle has a stormy military past. Have you watched the movie "Captain Phillips" with Tom Hanks? So, it was Michel who in his time reversed the real Phillips from the hands of Somali pirates.
- The first female fleet in history - Tsarina Artemisia, Gelicarnas government. In the Salaminian battle in 480 BC. e. She fought on the side of the Persians and headed the whole flotilla. It was at the expense of brave artemisia that the famous exclamation of the king of Persians of the Kerks, who watched the course of the battle: "Today, women were her husbands, and men - women!". However, Artemisia brought a fleet of Xerxes in misfortune - he was broken. What turned with great happiness for Europe, where now so many sailors: if it were not for the victory of the Greeks in Salamin, it would not be on the map.
- In 2007, Royal Caribbean appointed Swede Karin Star Yanson Captain Cruise ShipMONARCH OF THE SEAS, one of the largest liners of the world. Prior to this, women did not occupy the bridge of vessels of this class and size, and even more so did not take responsibility for the life of 2400 passengers and 850 crew members. Why there: Swedish Paula Wallenberg, compatriot Karin, commands at his homeland underwater boat!
An unforeseen eye shows that women on the fleet are more like that there is no. Better or worse they cope with their duties than men, to judge early. Those who were discussed above, probably they will cope better, otherwise they would not allow them at all to the helm, nor on the bridge, nor even drag deck. Pioneers always have to be headed above around. When women on the fleet becomes more when we seeordinary, not the legendary woman-captain, when it comes toaverage Admiral woman, then you can compare who is better coping with. However, the need for such comparison by that time will disappear.
105 years passed from the birthday of Anna Ivanovna Schistinina, the world's first women captain, the Hero of Socialist Labor, the Graduate of the Vladivostok Sea Technical School, associate professor, and then the head of the department "Department of Judgment" DVVIM them. Adm. G.I. Nevelsky.
Anna Ivanovna Schetinina was born on February 26, 1908 at the Ocean Station under Vladivostok. IN primary school At Lianchic Station (Sadgorod district) Anna went to eleven years. Civil War It was in full swing, the schools were also closed. They lived bristleins in those years on a sedank, there was no money for travel, and the girl had to be shifted. And this is seven kilometers there and seven - back. In winter, ice skating on the river to the bay, and then - on the ice of the Amur Gulf. After the admission of the Red Army, Vladivostok schools were reorganized, and since 1922, Anna Schetinin was enrolled in a single labor school at Sedanka station. She actively mastered the missed. An eight-year-old school graduated from six years and filed documents in Vladivostok Sea Technical Academy.
Decades later, she will tell in the book "On different sea roads": "I wrote a letter to the head of the technical school. It was a modest request, and assurance in their readiness to all difficulties. Not a letter, but a whole poem. " The envelope with the fading of the heart lowered the box and began to wait for an answer. Finally received an invitation to "appear personally" to the boss ...
Wrong on the sea? - he asked. - And tell me why this suddenly wanted you?
Tell me, are you forbidden to take girls? I asked.
No, it is not forbidden, - the boss dispersed annoyingly. - But I am three years older and I want to warn you from the pure heart. Well, tell me what makes you go to a petition specialty? Curved novels? Romance entails?
Work. Interesting job.
Work? You do not know this work at all. From the first days will be not indisputable from the first days, but more stricter than to others. You will have to spend on a job twice as much time and forces than your comrades. If I am wrong and can not make something a guy, it will be just an error. And if you make a mistake - say: Baba, what to take with it? Let it be unfair and hurt, but it will be. And all your progress will be pressed by imaginary assignments that allegedly you like a girl were made. After all, we have a lot of people of an old goat. Let's get to some old boatswain, he will shake out of you the whole soul ... My guys often surprised, and you are there too!
I am not a uder, be sure. "
In 1925, Anna Schetinina entered the shipping department of the Vladivostok Sea Technical School. Only one episode in the fate of the future captain, one touch in her character: to make money on life, she worked at night with a loader at the port of along with his classmates. The scholarship in the technical school Anna did not receive: despite the excellent assessments, she was denied, as a "unpromising student." And in the port she did not give themselves no concerned, trying to be like everyone else. I went in a circle, tipping my teeth from pride and fatigue: I had to carry on the shoulders at thirty-forty kilograms. Earned for such work money was enough for five days.
Anna's practice was held by a deck student on a steamer "Simferopol" and a sailing ship "Blyukhanov", and then a sailor on a steamer "First Crazov". Only she knew how much offensive jokes, neglect and frank gloating was to survive to her from separate members crew during practice. Boatswain caught exactly such as the head of the technical school predicted. I gave the most dirty and hard work: to throw rust, clean the bag, wash the cans from the paint. She did everything they ordered, defeating seaside diseases. Many years later admitted: "I understood that if I refuse, I would never get up with sailors on an equal foot, I would always be a passenger for them."
Anna Schetinin's marine technical school graduated from 1929. When she came, the contest was four people in place. Of the forty two guys who were accepted with her, it came to the diploma eighteen.
After graduating from Technical School, Anna Schetinin was sent to Joint-Stock Kamchatka shipping company. She has lacking a swimming cencing to obtain a navigator diploma. I had to swim a student or sailor for several months. Nobody would believe that this girl in six years will pass the way from the sailor to the captain. At the same time, I do not miss a single step: the sailor of Portoflot, the navigator student, the first-class sailor, the third navigator, the second, the eldest ... Is it so weighty sound in her book simple words: "I passed the entire heavy path of the sailor from start to the end. And if I'm now the captain of the Great Ocean Ship, then each of my subordinates knows that I was not an sea foam?
At 27, Anna Scheptinina rose to the captain's bridge. In 1935, the first flight was the first flight as a captain in 1935 from Hamburg to Kamchatka.
"Spring thirty-fifth I spent vacation in Moscow," recalled Anna Ivanovna. - planned to see new performances in theaters, run around the exhibitions and with a trip in his pocket to go south. But instead of welcome recreation, got a job! Well what! The captain of the vessel, purchased by the Soviet government in Germany.
Hamburg from the first day unpleasantly struck me with some dead emptiness of the streets, an abundance of flags with a swastika and a measured blank shut-off boost, walking on the pavement. But the work has a job. Forever remembered a minute when the boat stopped at the pier. So we climb the floating dock and go to the ship. I am inferior to the road: the captain must take on board the vessel first. We meet us. But I'm not looking at anyone. As soon as I turn somewhere, concern the hand of the ship's plank and whisper to him the greeting so that no one notice. Then I stretch your hand to the captain and greet him in German. He immediately represents me a person in the civilian gray costume: it turns out that this is the representative of the company "Gansa", the Commissioner to issue the transfer of the Soviet Union group. I understand that I first should say hello to this representative, but I intentionally do not want to understand this. For me, the main now is the captain. And only saying everything I considered the desired captain, I greet the representative of "Hanza."
She produced a furor abroad. Among the sailors around the world were betrayal: Will Lady-captain will be able to bring his ship from Hamburg to the shores Far East? The whole world was closely following the promotion of the steam, waiting for the catastrophe. But Anna Schetinina did not meet the forecasts of skeptics, successfully completed the most difficult flight. His fame overtook a steamer, and barely "Chavica" had anchored in Singapore, Anna was invited to an elite English sea club. It was crowded: the gentlemen were specifically to look at Lady Captain. In a respectful surprised whisper for his back, she caught a general meaning: the gentlemen were awaited to see, "at least a brown bear from Siberian forests ...".
And the sea, experiencing an unusual captain for strength, brought off the blows at her immediately after joining the position ...
"During the transition of the vessel from Hamburg to Odessa" Chavica "fell into a strip of a solid protracted fog. Each of us had to wake up a one-way, look at the touch way out of the room. But for loss of orientation in the house we pay only bruises and bumps. And if you lose a landmark of the steamer? .. After all, the navigation equipment of the courts in those years was not the same as now, when the gyrocompass, radiocompators, radar, radar ... And then there were only a magnetic compass, lag with a turntable, and the lots are mechanical and manual. .
"Chavica" literally to the touch walked along the North Sea, polished by the courts, flames and trends, breaking the fog-tight fog fog. Japanese, Okhotsk and Beringovo Sea taught the bristle to swim in the fog, but it was difficult to get used to Europe. Continuously, with short intervals, Basovito sounded ship beep. Fearing not to hear the response signal, all the noise was avoided on the vessel. The free from the watch was going to the nose and looked forward in the eyes, so as not to miss the rapidly dumping silhouette of the oncoming vessel. Multipalupy passenger liners floated, slipped light fishing boats, the warships shone sullenly and it was a long time, very long ...
In the winter of 1936, Chavchacha was lured with ice. Steamer drifted for eleven days. During this time, all food reserves were depleted. Sailors sat on a hard paja: the team was issued at 600 grams of bread per day, the Komostavu - 400. Freshwater for boilers and drinking also turned out to be on the outcome. The entire crew and passengers were mobilized to the billet of the snow. He was collected from the ice floes, poured into thermal fruit, and then smeared the ferry. For eleven days of Ice captivity, Anna Ivanovna did not go from the captain's bridge, his own managing the vessel and choosing a convenient moment to bring the "Chavoch" from the ice.
Even in his books, dozens of years later she did not admit, as she was scared. This recognition broke out only once, in 1997 at a meeting with Captain Colleagues. Anna Ivanovna suddenly said: "Not so I'm brazed ... Many times I got scared. Especially when the deck buzzed "Jean Zhores" ... "
In December 1943, the steamer "Jean Zhores" under the command of Anna Schetinina provided a steamer "Valery Chkalov" in the Bering Sea, who had a deck burst during the storm, and he broke out. In the most complex storm conditions from the second shot of a liner, the rescuers managed to start a towing end to the feed part "Valery Chkalov", which miraculously continued to stay afloat. The crew was saved. Captain "Chkalova" Alexander Fedorovich Shantsbberg, who started his captain's career before the appearance of bristle into the world, respectfully said: "You're a cat and dad, but Rapotal Karaso!". This time she, of course, was not offended by the Baba.
And in the next flight, Jez Jorez hit Bed. It happened in the Alaskan Gulf, when 500 miles remained to the nearest bay. During a strong storm at the steamer, too, the deck burst. As if she crashed a gun, and a crack saw from the watch's bridge, a little bit unsulked to the left side. The wide gap "breathed", and it seemed that the next push waves would break the vessel. All the coast has been in the memory of the accident "Valery Chkalov". The schispin disaster signal decided not to give. The center of the cyclone passed, the weather was worse could not be, help, real and close, it was nowhere to wait, and the crack was able to localize, drumming the hole at its ends. When, after three days, the vessel came to the acutane and the commander of the military boat allowed the Russian ship to continue the path, Anna Ivanovna offered the Americans to climb the deck of his bare walled steamhouse.
The commander of the boat grabbed his head ... Urgently put the ship to the pier. Unloaded some flour. Called from the port of Dutch-Harbor Plavmaster. The crack brewed and offered to return the ship to America for repairs. BUT B. war time Every day was on the weight of gold. "It reached such a cracked in a storm before Acuthana, to come to the long-awaited bread to Petropavlovsk, if you're lucky with the weather," Schistinina decided. And they reached ...
During the years, Anna Schetinin, under the shelling of enemy aviation, evacuated people and sent strategically important cargoes. The whole war was worked on the courts that delivered food and equipment from America and Canada to Russia. In 1945, she provided landing operations during the war with Japan.
For the courage and craftsmanship Captain, Schetinin awarded in 1941 by the medal "For the defense of Leningrad", in 1942 - the Order of the Red Star, and in 1945, the Order of Lenin. After the war, in 1950 she completed the education in the Leningrad Supreme Engineering School, where he arrived before the war. In September 1960, Anna Ivanovna returned to his native Vladivostok, having received the appointment of the Department of the Department of Judgment.
By this time, she became not only a global celebrity, but also the author of several textbooks for future sailors. For many years, her life was connected with the Far Eastern Higher Engineering Maritime School. Sharing experience with future vesphodents, she still continued to remain on the captain's bridge, leaving on the flights of Orsha, Orekhov, Okhotsk, "Anton Chekhov" ... Fifty years gave the Sea Anna Ivanovna. Allocated all the oceans of the world, was the captain of fifteen ships, on the "Okhotsk" made around the world swimming.
Anna Schetinina led a huge public activities. He founded in the Primorsky Department of the Geographical Society of the USSR, the section of the navigation and oceanology and herself headed it. And a few years later, became Chairman of the Primorsky Department of the Geographical Society. On her initiative, the Captain Club was created in Vladivostok, and the Far Eastern captains elected it the first chairman of the club. She was a deputy of the Primorsky Regional Council and a member of the Soviet Women Committee, who was headed by Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in the world of the Cosmonaut.
In 1978, Anna Ivanovna Schistinina was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor and the title of Honor of the city of Vladivostok. She lived a big live, her 90th anniversary celebrated the whole country. And the whole city spent it on the last journey in 1999.
The name of this wonderful woman is called Cape on the Amur Gulf Coast, Square on the Shkot Peninsula, Street in the neighborhood Snow Pad. Her name is School No. 16 of the city of Vladivostok. Anna Schetininina scholarship is appointed the best cadets of the Marine Academy annually.
I would like to believe that in the future, the name of the famous captain of the bristinina will appear on board the modern ocean vessel. And the monument to her will definitely put on one of the streets of our city. After all, the phrase was not accidentally born: "Schetinina for Vladivostok, like Gagarin for Russia."
Galina Yakunina,
